{"id":232,"date":"2021-01-07T08:32:31","date_gmt":"2021-01-07T07:32:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/?p=232"},"modified":"2021-01-07T08:32:33","modified_gmt":"2021-01-07T07:32:33","slug":"rostliny-maji-stejne-variace-vnitrnich-hodin-jako-lide-zjistila-studie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/rostliny-maji-stejne-variace-vnitrnich-hodin-jako-lide-zjistila-studie\/","title":{"rendered":"Rostliny maj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 variace vnit\u0159n\u00edch hodin jako lid\u00e9, zjistila studie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Rostliny maj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 variace t\u011blesn\u00fdch hodin, jak lid\u00e9, zjistil nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum. A stejn\u011b jako lid\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt sp\u00ed\u0161e rann\u00edmi pt\u00e1\u010d\u00e1tko nebo no\u010dn\u00edmi sovami, napsal britsk\u00fd zpravodajsk\u00fd server Phys.org.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd se zam\u011b\u0159il na geny \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed rytmus u rostlin, by mohl pomoci p\u011bstitel\u016fm a farm\u00e1\u0159\u016fm vyb\u00edrat rostliny, kter\u00e9 nejl\u00e9pe vyhovuj\u00ed dan\u00e9mu m\u00edstu. Zlep\u0161ila by se tak \u00faroda a zv\u00fd\u0161ila \u0161ance, \u017ee se rostliny p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed klimatick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed metronom
Cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed rytmus je biologick\u00fd rytmus s periodou 20-28 hodin a stanovuje kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed aktivity a bd\u011blosti v r\u00e1mci dan\u00e9ho \u010dasov\u00e9ho \u00faseku odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmu zhruba jednomu dni. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 si ho p\u0159edstavit jako jak\u00fdsi molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed metronom, kter\u00fd \u0159\u00edd\u00ed organismus v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dne a noci – r\u00e1no ho jako kohout probouz\u00ed a ve\u010der zatahuje z\u00e1v\u011bsy na nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed noc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U rostlin tento biorytmus reguluje celou \u0161k\u00e1lu proces\u016f od p\u0159\u00edpravy fotosynt\u00e9zy za \u00fasvitu a\u017e po usm\u011br\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed doby kveten\u00ed. Tyto rytmick\u00e9 vzorce se mohou li\u0161it podle geografick\u00e9 polohy, v\u00fd\u0161ky, klimatu a ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed, proto\u017ee vnit\u0159n\u00ed hodiny rostlin se mus\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit tak, aby se co nejl\u00e9pe vyrovnali s m\u00edstn\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u011bdci ze dvou v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch center v Norwichi cht\u011bli l\u00e9pe pochopit, kolik cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed variac\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u011b existuje. To jim pom\u016f\u017ee v kone\u010dn\u00e9m c\u00edli vy\u0161lechtit rostliny, kter\u00e9 jsou odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u00edm v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v dob\u011b hrozby klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aby prozkoumali genetickou z\u00e1kladnu m\u00edstn\u00edch odli\u0161nost\u00ed, zam\u011b\u0159ili se v\u011bdci na \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 plevel\u016f rostliny druhu Ar\u00e1bovka Thalova.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zm\u011bny v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch rozd\u00edlech
„Celkov\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed rostlin je zna\u010dn\u011b ovlivn\u011bno t\u00edm, jak dob\u0159e jsou jejich cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed hodiny synchronizovan\u00e9 s d\u00e9lkou dne a plynut\u00edm ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed,“ \u0159ekla autorka studie, doktorka Ahannah Reesov\u00e1 z Earlham Institute v Norwichi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

„P\u0159esn\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed hodiny jim mohou poskytnout v\u00fdhodu p\u0159ed konkuren\u010dn\u00edmi rostlinami, pred\u00e1tory i patogeny,“ dodala Reesov\u00e1. „Zaj\u00edmalo n\u00e1s, jak budou cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed hodiny rostlin ovlivn\u011bny ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku – zemi, kter\u00e1 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u011b rozd\u00edly v d\u00e9lce denn\u00edho sv\u011btla. Kdy\u017e pochop\u00edme genetiku za variacemi t\u011bchto vnit\u0159n\u00edch hodin a jejich uzp\u016fsoben\u00edm, budeme moci vy\u0161lechtit rostliny odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u00edm klimatu v dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech,“ \u0159ekla Reesov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fdm studoval geny 191 r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f Ar\u00e1bovky, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskaly z cel\u00e9ho \u0160v\u00e9dska. V\u011bdci hledali drobn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v genech rostlin, kter\u00e9 by mohly vysv\u011btlit rozd\u00edlnost jejich cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed funkce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S pomoc\u00ed pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9 metody tak\u00e9 sledovali rostliny s jinak vylad\u011bn\u00fdmi cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed hodinami. A zjistili, \u017ee mezi nejran\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pt\u00e1\u010d\u00e1tko a no\u010dn\u00edmi sovami je rozd\u00edl a\u017e deset hodin, ne\u017e by rostliny pracovali na zm\u011bny. Vliv na tento rozd\u00edl z\u0159ejm\u011b m\u00e1 zem\u011bpisn\u00e1 poloha, i genetick\u00fd p\u016fvod rostlin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rostliny maj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 variace t\u011blesn\u00fdch hodin, jak lid\u00e9, zjistil nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum. A stejn\u011b jako lid\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt sp\u00ed\u0161e rann\u00edmi pt\u00e1\u010d\u00e1tko nebo no\u010dn\u00edmi sovami, napsal britsk\u00fd zpravodajsk\u00fd server Phys.org. V\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd se zam\u011b\u0159il na geny \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed cirkadi\u00e1nn\u00ed rytmus u rostlin, by mohl pomoci p\u011bstitel\u016fm a farm\u00e1\u0159\u016fm vyb\u00edrat rostliny, kter\u00e9 nejl\u00e9pe vyhovuj\u00ed dan\u00e9mu m\u00edstu. Zlep\u0161ila by se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":233,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zajimavosti"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=232"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":235,"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions\/235"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extramagazin.cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}